单词本：anaphora

在看一个演讲技术的书，其中提到：

Martin Luther King, Jr. used a public-speaking device called anaphora, repeating the same word or words at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences. “I have a dream…” is repeated in eight successive sentences.

马丁路德金使用一种重复的修辞手法，首语重复 anaphora: the repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.

就是在每一个句子前，重复前面用过的词语或句子，达到感情强调、气势磅礴、声音和谐的目的。

希腊语里 ana- 前缀是向后的意思，-phora 是传递的意思。合起来就是向后传递，向后延伸。也就是前面的句子词语在后面重复。

再比如丘吉尔的演讲。不断重复出现 we shall，就是一种 anaphora 首语重复修辞：

We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.

在上面这个例子里，we shall 就是一个 anaphor（首语重复词）。